# WIA-IND-007 Phase 1: Data Format Specification ## Food Safety Traceability Standard v1.0 **弘益人間 (Hongik Ingan) - Benefit All Humanity** --- ## Overview Phase 1 establishes standardized data formats for capturing, storing, and exchanging food traceability information throughout the supply chain. These formats ensure interoperability between diverse systems while accommodating product-specific requirements. ## 1. Product Identification Schema ### 1.1 Unique Product Identifiers All food products must carry globally unique identifiers enabling precise tracking and recall management. **Primary Identifiers:** - **GTIN (Global Trade Item Number):** 14-digit standardized product identifier - **Batch/Lot Number:** Alphanumeric code linking products to production runs - **Serial Number:** Optional item-level identifier for high-value products **JSON Schema:** ```json { "product": { "gtin": "01234567890128", "productName": "Organic Lettuce", "batchNumber": "BATCH-2025-001", "serialNumber": "SN-2025-001-00001", "productionDate": "2025-12-20T08:00:00Z", "expirationDate": "2026-01-03T23:59:59Z", "standardVersion": "WIA-IND-007-v1.0" } } ``` ### 1.2 Product Classification Categories enable appropriate handling and regulatory compliance: **Category Codes:** - `PRODUCE` - Fresh fruits and vegetables - `MEAT` - Meat and poultry products - `SEAFOOD` - Fish and shellfish - `DAIRY` - Milk, cheese, yogurt products - `PACKAGED` - Processed packaged foods - `BEVERAGES` - Drinks and liquid products ## 2. Origin and Provenance Data ### 2.1 Source Location Schema Detailed origin information enables source tracing during contamination events. **Required Fields:** - Producer/Farm identification - Geographic coordinates (latitude/longitude) - Country, region, and locality - Production system type (organic, conventional, etc.) **XML Format:** ```xml FARM-ABC-001 ABC Organic Farms
123 Farm Road, Salinas, CA 93901, USA
36.7783 -119.4179 organic USDA Organic USDA-ORG-2024-12345 2024-01-15 2025-01-14 ``` ### 2.2 Harvest and Collection Data Capture critical information at the point of origin: - Harvest date and time - Field/lot identification - Weather conditions - Equipment used - Worker identifications (anonymized for privacy) ## 3. Batch Tracking Records ### 3.1 Batch Metadata Each production batch requires comprehensive metadata: **Batch Record Structure:** ```json { "batchRecord": { "batchId": "BATCH-2025-001", "productGtin": "01234567890128", "productionFacility": "FACILITY-CA-001", "productionDate": "2025-12-20", "productionShift": "A", "quantity": { "value": 10000, "unit": "kg" }, "ingredientLots": [ { "ingredientName": "Organic Lettuce Seeds", "lotNumber": "SEED-LOT-2024-456", "supplier": "SUPPLIER-001", "quantity": 50, "unit": "kg" } ], "qualityTests": [ { "testType": "Microbial Analysis", "testDate": "2025-12-20T14:00:00Z", "laboratory": "LAB-001", "results": { "salmonella": "not-detected", "ecoli": "not-detected", "listeria": "not-detected" }, "certificationNumber": "CERT-2025-12345" } ] } } ``` ### 3.2 Lot Code Standards Lot codes must be: - Unique within organization - Human-readable - Machine-scannable (barcode/QR code) - Include production date encoding - Resist tampering or degradation **Recommended Format:** `[FACILITY]-[PRODUCT]-[YEAR][MONTH][DAY]-[SEQUENCE]` Example: `CA01-LETTUCE-20251220-001` ## 4. Temperature and Environmental Logs ### 4.1 Cold Chain Monitoring Temperature-sensitive products require continuous monitoring: **Temperature Log Format:** ```json { "temperatureLog": [ { "timestamp": "2025-12-20T10:00:00Z", "temperature": 4.2, "unit": "celsius", "location": "Storage Facility A", "sensorId": "TEMP-SENSOR-001", "withinRange": true, "acceptableRange": { "min": 2.0, "max": 6.0 } } ] } ``` ### 4.2 Environmental Conditions Capture relevant environmental factors: - Humidity levels - Light exposure - Atmospheric composition (for controlled atmosphere storage) - Shock/vibration events during transport ## 5. Handling and Processing Records ### 5.1 Supply Chain Events Document each custody transfer and processing step: **Event Schema:** ```json { "supplyChainEvent": { "eventId": "EVT-2025-001", "timestamp": "2025-12-20T12:00:00Z", "eventType": "PROCESSING", "location": { "facility": "PROCESSING-FACILITY-001", "address": "456 Processing St, Salinas, CA" }, "batchNumber": "BATCH-2025-001", "previousCustodian": "FARM-ABC-001", "newCustodian": "PROCESSOR-001", "processingDetails": { "operations": ["washing", "trimming", "packaging"], "equipment": ["WASHER-001", "TRIMMER-002", "PACKAGER-003"], "duration": 120, "temperatureRange": "4-6C" }, "qualityChecks": { "visualInspection": "pass", "foreignMatterCheck": "pass", "temperatureCheck": "pass" } } } ``` ### 5.2 Transformation Events When products are transformed (e.g., ingredients into finished goods): - Input batch numbers and quantities - Output batch numbers and quantities - Recipe/formulation identifier - Processing parameters (time, temperature, pressure) - Yield percentage ## 6. Certification and Compliance Data ### 6.1 Food Safety Certifications Link products to relevant certifications: **Certification Types:** - Organic certifications (USDA, EU, JAS, etc.) - Food safety certifications (HACCP, SQF, BRC, etc.) - Quality standards (ISO 22000, FSSC 22000) - Sustainability certifications (Fair Trade, Rainforest Alliance) - Religious certifications (Kosher, Halal) **Data Structure:** ```json { "certifications": [ { "certificationType": "USDA Organic", "certificationBody": "Quality Assurance International", "certificateNumber": "USDA-ORG-2024-12345", "issueDate": "2024-01-15", "expiryDate": "2025-01-14", "scope": "Production and handling of organic produce", "verificationMethod": "blockchain-hash", "verificationHash": "0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb" } ] } ``` ### 6.2 Regulatory Compliance Records Document compliance with food safety regulations: - FDA Food Facility Registration Number (FFR) - HACCP plan documentation - Preventive controls validation - Foreign supplier verification program (FSVP) records ## 7. Allergen and Ingredient Declarations ### 7.1 Allergen Information Critical for consumer safety and regulatory compliance: **Major Allergens (FDA):** - Milk - Eggs - Fish - Shellfish - Tree nuts - Peanuts - Wheat - Soybeans - Sesame **Allergen Declaration Format:** ```json { "allergenInfo": { "containsAllergens": ["wheat", "soy"], "mayContainAllergens": ["tree nuts"], "allergenFreeFrom": ["milk", "eggs", "fish", "shellfish", "peanuts", "sesame"], "crossContactRisk": "low", "allergenControlMeasures": [ "Dedicated production line", "Thorough cleaning between runs", "Allergen testing verification" ] } } ``` ### 7.2 Ingredient Composition Full ingredient traceability: - Ingredient name (common and scientific) - Percentage by weight - Source supplier and lot number - Origin country - Processing aids and additives ## 8. Packaging and Labeling Data ### 8.1 Package Information Link packaging to product contents: **Package Data:** ```json { "packaging": { "packageType": "clamshell", "packageSize": "500g", "packagingMaterial": "recyclable-PET", "packagingDate": "2025-12-20T16:00:00Z", "labelingCompliance": { "nutritionFacts": true, "allergenDeclaration": true, "countryOfOrigin": true, "traceabilityQRCode": true }, "qrCodeData": "https://trace.wia.org/product/01234567890128/batch/BATCH-2025-001" } } ``` ### 8.2 Label Requirements Ensure labels meet regulatory and standard requirements: - Product name and description - Net weight/volume - Nutrition facts panel - Allergen declarations - Producer/packer/distributor information - Country of origin - Traceability QR code or URL ## 9. Data Validation and Integrity ### 9.1 Data Quality Rules All traceability data must meet quality standards: **Validation Requirements:** - Required fields must be non-null - Dates must be in ISO 8601 format - Coordinates must use WGS84 datum - Quantities must include units - Temperature readings must include timestamps - Batch numbers must be unique within scope ### 9.2 Cryptographic Verification Ensure data integrity using cryptographic techniques: **Hash Verification:** ```json { "dataIntegrity": { "recordHash": "SHA256:a4b89f3c2e1d...", "previousRecordHash": "SHA256:e1f2a3b4c5d6...", "timestamp": "2025-12-20T10:00:00Z", "digitalSignature": "0x742d35Cc6634C0532925a3b844Bc9e7595f0bEb", "signingAuthority": "PROCESSOR-001", "blockchainAnchor": { "network": "Ethereum", "transactionHash": "0x1234567890abcdef...", "blockNumber": 15234567 } } } ``` ## 10. Interoperability Standards ### 10.1 Data Exchange Formats Support multiple serialization formats: - **JSON:** Primary format for APIs and web services - **XML:** Legacy system compatibility - **CSV:** Bulk data exchange and reporting - **EDI:** B2B transaction integration ### 10.2 Character Encoding All textual data must use UTF-8 encoding to support international characters and multilingual content. --- ## Implementation Guidance ### Phased Adoption Organizations may implement data format standards incrementally: 1. **Phase 1A:** Product identification and batch tracking 2. **Phase 1B:** Temperature logging and environmental monitoring 3. **Phase 1C:** Certification and compliance documentation 4. **Phase 1D:** Full integration with blockchain verification ### Data Storage Recommendations - **Retention Period:** Minimum 2 years, or longer per regulatory requirements - **Backup Frequency:** Daily incremental, weekly full backups - **Access Controls:** Role-based access with audit logging - **Encryption:** At-rest encryption using AES-256 or equivalent --- ## Compliance Checklist - [ ] Product identifiers include GTIN and batch numbers - [ ] Origin data captures producer and geographic location - [ ] Temperature logs record continuous cold chain monitoring - [ ] Supply chain events document all custody transfers - [ ] Certifications are verified and linked to products - [ ] Allergen information is complete and accurate - [ ] Data validation rules are implemented - [ ] Cryptographic verification ensures data integrity - [ ] Multiple data exchange formats are supported - [ ] Data retention and backup procedures are established --- **Document Version:** 1.0 **Last Updated:** 2025-12-27 **Status:** Official Release **弘益人間 - Benefit All Humanity through Safe Food Systems** © 2025 SmileStory Inc. / WIA (World Certification Industry Association)