# WIA-ENE-003: Carbon Capture & Storage Standard 🌱

**Version:** 1.0.0
**Category:** Energy & Environment (ENE)
**Standard ID:** WIA-ENE-003
**Philosophy:** 홍익인간 (弘益人間) (홍익인간) - Benefit All Humanity

---

## Overview

The WIA-ENE-003 standard provides a comprehensive framework for implementing, operating, and certifying carbon capture and storage (CCS) systems worldwide. This standard ensures interoperability, transparency, and efficiency in carbon management systems, embodying the principle of benefiting all humanity through sustainable technology.

**Key Features:**
- 🔬 Advanced capture technologies (post-combustion, pre-combustion, oxy-fuel, DAC)
- 📊 Real-time monitoring and verification protocols
- 🔒 Secure geological storage specifications
- 🌐 International compliance and certification frameworks
- ⚙️ RESTful API and SDK for seamless integration
- 📈 Performance analytics and optimization tools

---

## Repository Structure

```
carbon-capture/
├── index.html                 # Landing page with navigation
├── simulator/                 # 5-tab interactive simulator
│   └── index.html
├── ebook/                     # Comprehensive documentation
│   ├── en/                    # English eBook (8 chapters)
│   │   ├── ch1.html           # Introduction to Carbon Capture Technology
│   │   ├── ch2.html           # Core Concepts and Terminology
│   │   ├── ch3.html           # Technical Architecture
│   │   ├── ch4.html           # Implementation Guide
│   │   ├── ch5.html           # Best Practices
│   │   ├── ch6.html           # Security and Compliance
│   │   ├── ch7.html           # Integration Patterns
│   │   └── ch8.html           # Future Roadmap
│   └── ko/                    # Korean eBook (8 chapters)
│       └── ch1-ch8.html       # 탄소 포집 기술 가이드
├── spec/                      # Technical specifications
│   ├── PHASE1-foundation.md   # Feasibility and planning
│   ├── PHASE2-implementation.md  # Detailed design
│   ├── PHASE3-integration.md  # Construction and commissioning
│   └── PHASE4-optimization.md # Operations and optimization
├── api/                       # API and SDK
│   └── typescript/            # TypeScript SDK
│       ├── src/
│       │   ├── types.ts       # Type definitions
│       │   └── index.ts       # SDK implementation
│       └── package.json
└── README.md                  # This file
```

---

## Quick Start

### 1. Explore the Interactive Simulator

Open `simulator/index.html` in your browser to:
- Configure carbon capture systems
- Test different operational scenarios
- Analyze performance metrics
- Export reports and data

### 2. Read the eBook

**English:** Start with `ebook/en/ch1.html`
**Korean:** Start with `ebook/ko/ch1.html`

Each chapter provides in-depth coverage of carbon capture technology:
- Chapter 1: Introduction and fundamentals
- Chapter 2: Technical terminology
- Chapter 3: System architecture
- Chapter 4: Step-by-step implementation
- Chapter 5: Operational best practices
- Chapter 6: Compliance and security
- Chapter 7: Integration with existing systems
- Chapter 8: Future trends and roadmap

### 3. Review Technical Specifications

Read the 4-phase implementation guide:
1. `spec/PHASE1-foundation.md` - Feasibility study and site selection
2. `spec/PHASE2-implementation.md` - Detailed engineering and procurement
3. `spec/PHASE3-integration.md` - Construction and commissioning
4. `spec/PHASE4-optimization.md` - Operations and continuous improvement

### 4. Integrate with TypeScript SDK

```bash
cd api/typescript
npm install
npm run build
```

**Example Usage:**

```typescript
import { WIACarbonCapture } from '@wia/carbon-capture';

const client = new WIACarbonCapture({
  baseURL: 'https://api.carbon-capture.facility.com/v1',
  apiKey: process.env.WIA_API_KEY
});

client.setFacility('WIA-ENE-003-001');

// Get real-time data
const data = await client.getRealTimeData();
console.log(`Capture Rate: ${data.captureRate}%`);
console.log(`CO₂ Captured: ${data.flowRate} tonnes/hour`);

// Get performance metrics
const metrics = await client.getPerformanceMetrics('monthly');
console.log(`Energy Efficiency: ${metrics.energyIntensity} GJ/tonne`);

// Generate compliance report
const report = await client.generateReport({
  reportType: 'quarterly',
  startDate: '2025-10-01',
  endDate: '2025-12-31',
  format: 'pdf'
});
console.log(`Report URL: ${report.downloadUrl}`);
```

---

## Key Technical Specifications

### Capture Performance Standards

| Parameter | Target Range | World-Class |
|-----------|--------------|-------------|
| Capture Rate | 85-90% | >92% |
| CO₂ Purity | >95% | >99% |
| Energy Consumption | 3.0-4.0 GJ/tonne | <3.0 GJ/tonne |
| Availability | >90% | >97% |
| Solvent Makeup | <2 kg/tonne CO₂ | <0.5 kg/tonne |

### Storage Site Requirements

- **Depth:** 800-3,000 meters
- **Porosity:** >10% (preferably >20%)
- **Permeability:** >10 mD (preferably >100 mD)
- **Cap Rock:** <1 nanodarcy permeability
- **Storage Permanence:** 1,000+ years
- **Leakage Rate:** <0.01% per year

### API Endpoints

```
Base URL: https://api.carbon-capture.facility.com/v1

GET    /facilities/{id}/realtime
GET    /facilities/{id}/historical
GET    /facilities/{id}/analytics/performance
GET    /storage-sites/{id}/status
POST   /facilities/{id}/reports/generate
GET    /facilities/{id}/carbon-credits
POST   /facilities/{id}/carbon-credits/verify
```

---

## Standards Compliance

WIA-ENE-003 aligns with and references:

- **ISO 27914:** Geological storage of CO₂
- **ISO 14064-3:** GHG verification and validation
- **ISO 45001:** Occupational health and safety management
- **ISO 14001:** Environmental management systems
- **IEC 62443:** Industrial cybersecurity
- **EPA Class VI:** Underground injection control (US)
- **EU CCS Directive:** European regulatory framework

---

## Project Phases

### Phase 1: Foundation (6-12 months, 5-10% CAPEX)
- Emission source characterization
- Technology selection
- Storage site evaluation
- Economic feasibility study
- Regulatory strategy

### Phase 2: Implementation (12-18 months, 10-15% CAPEX)
- Front-end engineering design (FEED)
- Equipment procurement
- Permit applications
- Financial close

### Phase 3: Integration (24-36 months, 70-80% CAPEX)
- Site preparation and construction
- Equipment installation
- System commissioning
- Performance testing
- Operator training

### Phase 4: Optimization (20-30 years, OPEX)
- Commercial operations
- Continuous improvement
- Regulatory compliance
- Carbon credit generation
- Long-term storage monitoring

---

## Economics

### Typical Costs (1 Mt CO₂/year facility)

**CAPEX:**
- Capture Plant: $600-900M
- Transport Infrastructure: $50-200M
- Storage Development: $100-250M
- **Total:** $750-1,350M

**OPEX (annual):**
- Energy: $15-25M
- Solvent and chemicals: $3-5M
- Labor: $5-8M
- Maintenance: $5-10M
- Monitoring: $2-4M
- **Total:** $30-55M/year

**Levelized Cost:** $50-120/tonne CO₂

### Revenue Streams

- **Carbon Credits:** $20-100/tonne
- **Tax Incentives:** Up to $85/tonne (e.g., US 45Q)
- **Enhanced Oil Recovery:** $15-30/tonne
- **CO₂ Utilization:** Variable by application

---

## Environmental Impact

A 1 Mt CO₂/year facility prevents emissions equivalent to:

- 🌳 450,000 trees planted annually
- 🚗 217,000 cars removed from roads
- 🏭 40% of emissions from a 600 MW coal power plant
- ✈️ 250,000 transatlantic flights

---

## Getting Help

### Documentation
- **Interactive Simulator:** `/simulator/index.html`
- **eBook (English):** `/ebook/en/ch1.html`
- **eBook (Korean):** `/ebook/ko/ch1.html`
- **Technical Specs:** `/spec/PHASE1-foundation.md`

### Community
- **Global CCS Institute:** https://www.globalccsinstitute.com
- **WIA Standards Forum:** https://wia.org/standards/ene-003
- **GitHub Issues:** https://github.com/WIA-Official/wia-standards/issues

### Support
- **Email:** support@wia.org
- **Technical Support:** ene-003@wia.org

---

## Contributing

We welcome contributions to improve the WIA-ENE-003 standard. Please:

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch
3. Submit a pull request with detailed description
4. Ensure all documentation is updated
5. Include test cases for code changes

---

## License

© 2025 SmileStory Inc. / WIA (World Certification Industry Association)

This standard is published under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) to benefit all humanity.

You are free to:
- **Share:** Copy and redistribute the material
- **Adapt:** Remix, transform, and build upon the material

Under the following terms:
- **Attribution:** Give appropriate credit to WIA
- **ShareAlike:** Distribute derivatives under the same license
- **No additional restrictions:** Cannot apply legal or technological measures that restrict others

---

## Philosophy

**홍익인간 (弘益人間) (홍익인간) - Benefit All Humanity**

The WIA-ENE-003 standard embodies the Korean philosophical principle of 홍익인간 (弘益人間), which means "widely benefiting humanity." Carbon capture technology is not merely a technical solution to climate change—it is a commitment to future generations, an act of global solidarity, and a demonstration that human ingenuity can solve the problems we create.

By providing open, accessible standards for carbon capture and storage, we enable organizations worldwide to deploy this critical climate technology effectively, safely, and economically. Together, we can build a sustainable future that benefits all humanity.

---

## Version History

- **v1.0.0 (2025-12-25):** Initial release
  - Complete 4-phase implementation framework
  - 8-chapter comprehensive eBook (English + Korean)
  - Interactive 5-tab simulator
  - TypeScript SDK v1.0
  - ISO/IEC standards alignment

---

## Acknowledgments

This standard was developed through collaboration with:
- Leading research institutions
- Industrial CCS operators
- Environmental organizations
- Government agencies across 25 countries
- Independent standards bodies

Special thanks to all pilot facilities that contributed operational data and lessons learned.

---

**For more information about WIA standards, visit:** https://wia.org/standards

**Repository:** https://github.com/WIA-Official/wia-standards/carbon-capture